Bahamas Local Health Fitness Page - Nassau - Nassau / Paradise Island, Bahamas

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April 17, 2019 albertbravo

Bahamas Local Health & Fitness Page

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January 22, 2018 Twyla

Bahamas Local Health & Fitness Page

July Is
Juvenile Arthritis Awareness Month

What Is Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis?
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), previously known as juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, is the most common type of arthritis in children.
Arthritis is a long-term condition characterized by:
- stiffness
- swelling
- pain in the joints

An estimated 300,000 children in the United States have a form of arthritis. Some children have arthritis for just a few months, while others have arthritis for several years. In rare cases, the condition can last a lifetime.

The exact cause of JIA isn’t known. However, researchers believe it’s primarily an autoimmune disease. In people with autoimmune diseases, the immune system mistakenly attacks harmless cells as though they’re dangerous invaders.

Most cases of JIA are mild, but severe cases may result in complications, such as joint damage and chronic pain. Knowing the symptoms of JIA is important for getting treatment before the condition progresses.
Treatment usually consists of:
- decreasing inflammation
- managing pain
- improving function
- preventing joint damage
This can help ensure your child maintains an active, productive lifestyle.

What are the symptoms of juvenile idiopathic arthritis?
The most common symptoms of JIA include:
- joint pain
- stiffness
- reduced range of motion
- warm and swollen joints
- limping
- redness in the affected area
- swollen lymph nodes
- recurrent fevers
JIA may affect one joint or multiple joints. In some cases, the condition can affect the entire body, causing a rash, fever, and swollen lymph nodes. This subtype is called systemic JIA (SJIA), and it occurs in about 10 percent of children with JIA.

What are the types of juvenile idiopathic arthritis?
There are six types of JIA:
- Systemic JIA. This type of JIA affects the entire body, including the joints, skin, and internal organs.
- Oligoarticular JIA. This type of JIA affects less than five joints. It occurs in about half of all children with arthritis.
- Polyarticular JIA. This type of JIA affects five or more joints. The protein known as rheumatoid factor may or may not be present.
- Juvenile psoriatic arthritis. This type of JIA affects the joints and occurs with psoriasis, which is why it’s referred to as juvenile psoriatic arthritis.
- Enthesitis-related JIA. This type of JIA involves bone meeting the tendons and ligaments.
- Undifferentiated arthritis. This type of JIA involves symptoms that may span two or more subtypes or not fit any of the other subtypes.
The more joints that are affected, usually the more severe the disease.

How is juvenile idiopathic arthritis diagnosed?
Your child’s healthcare provider may be able to diagnose JIA by performing a thorough physical exam and requesting a detailed medical history.
They may also order various diagnostic tests, such as:
- C-reactive protein test. This test measures the amount of C-reactive protein (CRP) in the blood. CRP is a substance the liver produces in response to inflammation. Another test that detects inflammation, the sedimentation rate or erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), may be performed as well.
- Rheumatoid factor test. This test detects the presence of rheumatoid factor, an antibody produced by the immune system. The presence of this antibody often indicates a rheumatic disease.
- Antinuclear antibody. Antinuclear antibody is an antibody to nucleic acid (DNA and RNA) that’s primarily located in the cell nucleus. It’s often created by the immune system in people with an autoimmune disease. An antinuclear antibody test can show whether the protein is present in the blood.
- HLA-B27 test. This test detects a genetic marker that’s associated with enthesitis-related JIA.
- X-ray or MRI scan. These imaging tests can be used to rule out other conditions that may be causing joint inflammation or pain, such as infections and fractures. Imaging can also reveal specific findings (signs) of subsets of inflammatory arthritis.

How is juvenile idiopathic arthritis treated?

Various treatments can effectively manage and minimize the effects of JIA. Healthcare providers usually recommend a combination of treatments to relieve pain and swelling and to maintain movement and strength.
Lifestyle remedies

Exercising and maintaining a healthful diet are important for everyone, but they’re especially beneficial for children who have JIA. Having your child make the following lifestyle adjustments can help them cope with their symptoms more easily and reduce the risk for complications:
Eating well
Weight changes are common in children with JIA. Medications may increase or decrease their appetite, causing rapid weight gain or weight loss. In such cases, a healthful diet containing the right number of calories can help your child to maintain an appropriate body weight.

Speak with your healthcare provider about a meal plan if your child is gaining or losing too much weight as a result of JIA.

Exercising regularly
Exercising at least three times per week can strengthen muscles and improve joint flexibility, making it easier to cope with JIA in the long run. Low-impact exercises, such as swimming and walking, are usually best. However, it’s a good idea to speak with your child’s healthcare provider first.

Physical therapy
A physical therapist can teach your child the importance of sticking with an exercise routine and can even recommend exercises suited to their specific condition. The therapist may suggest certain exercises that can help build strength and restore flexibility in stiff, sore joints.

They will work with your primary healthcare provider to help prevent joint damage and bone/joint growth abnormalities.

What is World Hepatitis Day? Here’s What you Need to Know

World Hepatitis Day (WHD) takes places every year on 28 July bringing the world together under a single theme to raise awareness of the global burden of viral hepatitis and to influence real change. In 2020 the theme is ‘Find the Missing Millions’.

Worldwide, 290 million people are living with viral hepatitis unaware. Without finding the undiagnosed and linking them to care, millions will continue to suffer, and lives will be lost. On World Hepatitis Day, 28 July, we call on people from across the world to take action and raise awareness to find the “missing millions”.

What is hepatitis?
Hepatitis refers to an inflammatory condition of the liver. It’s commonly caused by a viral infection, but there are other possible causes of hepatitis. These include autoimmune hepatitis and hepatitis that occurs as a secondary result of medications, drugs, toxins, and alcohol. Autoimmune hepatitis is a disease that occurs when your body makes antibodies against your liver tissue.

Your liver is located in the right upper area of your abdomen. It performs many critical functions that affect metabolism throughout your body, including:
- bile production, which is essential to digestion
- filtering of toxins from your body
- excretion of bilirubin (a product of broken-down red blood cells), cholesterol, hormones, and drugs
- breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins
- activation of enzymes, which are specialized proteins essential to body functions
- storage of glycogen (a form of sugar), minerals, and vitamins (A, D, E, and K)
- synthesis of blood proteins, such as albumin
- synthesis of clotting factors
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)Trusted Source, approximately 4.4 million Americans are currently living with chronic hepatitis B and C. Many more people don’t even know that they have hepatitis.

Treatment options vary depending on which type of hepatitis you have. You can prevent some forms of hepatitis through immunizations and lifestyle precautions.

Common symptoms of hepatitis
If you have infectious forms of hepatitis that are chronic, like hepatitis B and C, you may not have symptoms in the beginning. Symptoms may not occur until the damage affects liver function.
Signs and symptoms of acute hepatitis appear quickly. They include:
- fatigue
- flu-like symptoms
- dark urine
- pale stool
- abdominal pain
- loss of appetite
- unexplained weight loss
- yellow skin and eyes, which may be signs of jaundice
Chronic hepatitis develops slowly, so these signs and symptoms may be too subtle to notice.

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April 17, 2019 albertbravo

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January 22, 2018 Twyla